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发表于 2006-5-30 01:41:51
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文字If the one above me is really serious about not understaning the one above him/her, I hope the following can be of some help:
Basically, in English, 'parole' can be roughly translated as 'utterance', that is what you say , what comes out from your mouth; whilst 'langue' can be roughly translated as 'language', it is rather like something in everybody's head. When I say 'I live in the moon', or you say, 'wo zhu zai yueliang shang', we mean more or less the same thing. The common meaning is LANGUE and what we say is PAROLE.
Saussure was mainly interested in the study of langue. Of course these days parole is also of great importance. Think about the different dialects in China, and what children speak - it is their speech we are interested in.
If English is not your favorite tongue, see if the following helps. I found it on the net:
从言语的角度来看,两个人说同一个词的声音可能相差很远,从语言的角度来看,这两个相差很远的声音是在说同一个词。在言语中,张三说"我"是指张三,李四说我是指李四,在语言中,我既不指张三也不指李四,而是指说话人。说出一个句子〔utterance〕是属于言语的,而句子〔sentence〕这个概念却是属于语言的。大致可以概况说,语言被说成是语言共同体成员心中的语法体系,言语则是人们平时所说的那些话,是依赖于语法系统的说话行为。言语是语言的体现。语言学研究实际语言行为中所潜藏的形式系统,因此,在索绪尔看来,语言学的对象是语言,而不是言语。 |
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